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联合国高级别代表团出访阿富汗,呼吁支持所有阿富汗妇女和女童




2023年1月20日妇女
由联合国常务副秘书长率领的高级别代表团今天呼吁阿富汗事实当局塔利班撤销近期限制妇女和女童权利的决定,并表示阿富汗人决不能被抛弃。

本周,联合国常务副秘书长穆罕默德(Amina Mohammed)、妇女署执行主任巴胡斯(Sima Bahous)同“政治、建设和平事务与和平行动部的助理秘书长希亚里(Khaled Khiari)对阿富汗开展了为期4天的访问,旨在评估当前的局势,与事实当局接触,并强调联合国对阿富汗人民的支持。

普遍的限制
此前,阿富汗事实当局宣布禁止女性在国内以及国际非政府组织工作,这一决定阻碍了诸多组织向数以百万计弱势的阿富汗人提供援助。在阿富汗喀布尔和坎大哈举行的会议上,联合国代表团向塔利班当局直接表示,对这一决定深感震惊。

塔利班近期还采取了行动,在全国范围内禁止女性入读大学,禁止女童接受中学教育,限制妇女和女童的行动自由,禁止女性从事大多数的工作领域,并禁止她们使用公园、健身房和公共浴室。

女性不应被禁锢
穆罕默德说:“我的信息非常明确:虽然我们承认做出的重要豁免,但这些限制意味着阿富汗妇女和女童未来将被限制在自己的家中,这侵犯了她们的权利并剥夺了她们为社区服务的权利。”

“我们的共同目标是建设一个繁荣的阿富汗,与自己和邻国和平相处,并走上可持续发展的道路。 但现在,阿富汗正在孤立自己,深陷可怕的人道主义危机之中,并且是地球上最容易受到气候变化影响的国家之一。我们必须竭尽所能弥合这一差距。”

拒绝被从公共生活中抹去
在访问期间,穆罕默德和巴乌斯在喀布尔、坎大哈、赫拉特前往了受影响的社区,会见了人道主义工作者、民间社会以及其他关键的行为体。

巴乌斯说:“我们目睹了阿富汗女性非同寻常的复原力。她们勇气可嘉,拒绝被从公共生活中抹去。她们将继续倡导和争取自己的权利,为她们提供支持是我们责无旁贷的义务。”

巴乌斯表示:“阿富汗的女性正在经历一场权利危机,这为国际社会敲响了警钟,即我们数十年在女性权利上取得的进步在短短几天之内就能出现迅速的逆转。妇女署支持所有的阿富汗妇女和女童,并将继续为她们发声,为她们争取回所有的权利。”

人道主义援助亟需得以恢复
当前,阿富汗正面临着严峻的人道主义危机和气候变化危机。联合国及其合作伙伴,包括阿富汗国内以及国际的非政府组织,正在向2500万依赖人道主义援助生存的阿富汗人提供援助,并将坚持把工作进行下去。

近期,阿富汗事实当局禁止女性在非政府组织工作的决定使得许多合作伙伴不得不停止援助行动。虽然塔利班当局近期针对该禁令做出了豁免,使得人道主义援助有机会得以持续甚至得以恢复,但行动的领域和范围仍然十分有限。

穆罕默德表示:“有效提供人道主义援助的前提是要求包括女性在内的所有援助人员能够获得充分、安全和不受阻碍的准入。”

国际社会的一致声音
在访问阿富汗之前,该代表团已在海湾地区和亚洲地区就阿富汗问题进行了一系列高级别磋商。代表团与该区域的政府领导人和宗教领袖举行会议,倡导女性的关键作用和充分参与,并争取对阿富汗人民的支持。

在访问期间,各国和各合作伙伴都认可了联合国在为寻找长期解决方案牵线搭桥方面的关键作用,并认同亟需在联合国阿富汗援助团的领导下向阿富汗人民提供拯救生命的支持并保持有效的参与。

他们要求加大这一方面的努力,以反映当前局势的紧迫性,并强调了国际社会作出统一反应的重要性。

各方一致强调需要寻找现实的新政治途径来解决这些问题,并要坚持基本原则,包括坚持维护妇女和女童在阿富汗受教育、工作和参与公共生活的权利。

各方普遍认为,该区域和伊斯兰合作组织在这些问题上发挥着至关重要的领导作用。

会议审议了在2023年3月召开穆斯林世界妇女和女童问题国际大会的提议,各方在原则上达成了一致。


The UN deputy chief and head of UN Women have conveyed a direct message to Afghanistan’s Taliban leadership calling on them to put the good of the country first and end recent policies towards women and girls that have confined them in their own homes, and violated their basic human rights.

Deputy Secretary-General, Amina Mohammed, the Executive Director of UN Women, Sima Bahous, and the Assistant Secretary-General for UN political, peacebuilding and peace operations, Khaled Khiari, spend four days on a fact-finding mission in Afghanistan, to engage with Taliban leaders, and “underscore UN solidarity with the Afghan people”, according to a press release issued to correspondents on Friday.

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Call to reverse course
In meetings with de facto authorities in Kabul and Kandahar, “the delegation directly conveyed the alarm over the recent decree banning women from working for national and international non-governmental organizations, a move that undermines the work of numerous organizations helping millions of vulnerable Afghans.”

The latest clampdown on working women followed edicts from the fundamentalist Taliban to close universities to female students, until further notice, and preventing girls from attending secondary school.

Excluded from public life
Women and girls have also been ordered to stop using parks, gyms, public bath houses, and banned from most areas of the workforce, together with other restrictions on their freedom of movement, in line with the authorities’ interpretation of Sharia law.

The ban on local women working in the crucial aid sector came into force last month, prompting many aid agencies to suspend operations, as they were unable to reach many families in need, without the support of female staff.

In response, Taliban rulers did announce some exemptions, that would allow women health workers to go about their lifesaving work.

All Afghans suffer due to restrictions: Mohammed
“My message was very clear”, said the UN deputy chief. “While we recognize the important exemptions made, these restrictions present Afghan women and girls with a future that confines them in their own homes, violating their rights and depriving the communities of their services”.

“Our collective ambition is for a prosperous Afghanistan that is at peace with itself and its neighbours, and on a path to sustainable development. But right now, Afghanistan is isolating itself, in the midst of a terrible humanitarian crisis and one of the most vulnerable nations on earth to climate change,” she added. “We must do everything we can to bridge this gap.”

During their mission, Ms Mohammed and Ms Bahous met with affected communities, humanitarian workers, civil society and other key actors, in Kabul, the Taliban heartland of Kandahar, and Herat.

‘Extraordinary resilience’: Bahous
“We have witnessed extraordinary resilience. Afghan women left us no doubt of their courage and refusal to be erased from public life. They will continue to advocate and fight for their rights, and we are duty bound to support them in doing so,” UN Women’s top executive Ms. Bahous said.

“What is happening in Afghanistan is a grave women's right crisis and a wakeup call for the international community.

“It shows how quickly decades of progress on women´s rights can be reversed in a matter of days. UN Women stands with all Afghan women and girls and will continue to amplify their voices to regain all their rights."

UN commitment
The United Nations and its partners, including national and international non-governmental organizations, are helping more than 25 million Afghans who depend on humanitarian aid to survive, and remain committed to staying and delivering.

“While the recent exemptions to the ban introduced by the de facto authorities are opening spaces for humanitarians to continue - and in some cases resume - operations, these remain limited to few sectors and activities”, said the UN statement on Friday.

The Taliban's restrictions on women and girls in Afghanistan will exclude women from participation in political activities such as voting, as it was for this woman at the Bamyan polling center for Afghanistan’s parliamentary elections, which were held on…
UNAMA/Abbas Naderi The Taliban's restrictions on women and girls in Afghanistan will exclude women from participation in political activities such as voting, as it was for this woman at the Bamyan polling center for Afghanistan’s parliamentary elections, which were held on the 20th of October 2018.
Need for ‘effective delivery’
“The effective delivery of humanitarian assistance is predicated on principles that require full, safe and unhindered access for all aid workers, including women”, Ms Mohammed said.

The visit to Afghanistan followed a series of high-level consultations on Afghanistan across the Gulf and Asia, the UN reported.

The delegation met with the leadership of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), the Islamic Development Bank, groups of Afghan women in the Turkish and Pakistani capitals of Ankara and the Islamabad, and a group of Ambassadors and Special Envoys to Afghanistan, based in Doha.

“The delegation convened with government leaders from the region and religious leaders to advocate for the crucial role and full participation of women and rally support for the Afghan people”, the statement added.

Girls play volleyball at a school in Herat, Afghanistan, in 2016.
UNAMA Girls play volleyball at a school in Herat, Afghanistan, in 2016.


Urgent push for support
Throughout the visits, the UN’s crucial role as a bridge builder towards “finding lasting solutions” was emphasized, “as well as the urgency to deliver lifesaving support and maintain effective engagement, led by the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA).”

The top UN delegation called for efforts to be intensified to reflect the urgency of the crisis facing Afghan women and girls, “and stressed the importance of a unified response by the international community.”

The UN reported that a proposal to hold an international conference on women and girls in the Muslim World, during March this year, “was also considered and agreed in principle.”


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