2021 年 11 月 12 日
气候变化与环境
在格拉斯哥举行的《联合国气候变化框架公约》第26届缔约方会议进入“加时”阶段，各国领导人和谈判代表正在继续努力争取达成一项协议，使世界免于灾难性的全球变暖。
COP26, the UN climate summit in Glasgow, is running into overtime, as leaders and negotiators will keep working to reach a deal that could spare the world from catastrophic global warming.
第26届缔约方大会主席阿洛克·夏尔马（Alok Sharma）格拉斯哥当地时间周五晚间表示，少数关键问题仍未解决。
Alok Sharma, the COP26 President, said late on Friday that a small number of key issues remain unresolved.
他在向代表们介绍最新情况的非正式全体会议上说：“这是我们共同的历史时刻，这是我们打造一个更清洁、更健康、更繁荣的世界的机会，这是我们兑现各国领导人在峰会开始时设定的远大抱负的时候，我们需要不负众望。”
This is our collective moment in history, this is our chance to forge a cleaner, healthier and more prosperous world, and this is our time to deliver on the high ambition set by our leaders at the start of the summit, we must rise to the occasion,” he said during an informal plenary to update delegates.
他报告说，部长们一直工作到深夜，讨论融资、损失和损害问题。他表示，他仍然“真诚希望”在星期五当天结束时就这些问题达成最终协议。
He reported that Ministers had worked late into the night to discuss finance and "loss and damage", and that it was still his “sincere intention” to get a final agreement over the line by the end of the day.
他说:“我们需要最后拿出敢做敢为的精神，共同努力跨越终点线。”
“We need a final injection of that can-do spirit to get our shared endeavor over the line,” he said.
全体会议听取了各国的发言，包括许多代表强烈呼吁在成果文件中增加将导致结束所有化石燃料使用、而不仅仅是结束煤炭使用的措辞。
The plenary heard statements from various countries, including a strong call from many representatives to add to the outcome text language that would lead to the end of all fossil fuel use, not just coal.
最新的草案案文这样写道:“缔约方应加快技术的开发、部署和传播，并采取政策，向低排放能源系统过渡，包括迅速扩大清洁发电规模，加快淘汰有增无减的燃煤发电和对化石燃料的低效补贴”。
The latest draft text currently states: “Parties to accelerate the development, deployment and dissemination of technologies, and the adoption of policies, to transition towards low-emission energy systems, including by rapidly scaling up clean power generation and accelerating the phaseout of unabated coal power and of inefficient subsidies for fossil fuels”.
欧盟首席谈判代表表示，“这事关所有个人，与政治无关。”他补充说，除非各国同意发出一个明确的信号：结束所有化石燃料补贴，否则在格拉斯哥制定的目标将“完全没有意义”。
“This is personal, it’s not about politics,” said the European Union’s top negotiator, adding that the targets in Glasgow would be “utterly meaningless” unless countries agree on a clear signal to end all fossil fuel subsidies.
就同一话题，美国气候特使约翰·克里表示，继续在这些类型的补贴上花钱“近乎疯狂”。
On the same topic, John Kerry, the US climate envoy, said that to keep spending money on these types of subsidies is “insanity”.
他说：“那些补贴必须取消。我们是世界上最大的石油和天然气生产国，我们对此有一些补贴，拜登总统已经寻求立法取消这些补贴。”
Those subsidies have to go. We’re the largest oil and gas producer in the world and we have some of those subsidies and President Biden has put in legislation to get rid of them,” he said.
他继续说，美国每年都在努力寻找资金，“但在过去的五六年里，有2.5万亿美元用于化石燃料补贴。这就是的的确确的“疯狂”。我们自己种下了恶果，却要来这里试图解决问题。这在道理上说不通。”
The US, he continued, struggles each year to find money, “but $2.5 trillion in the last five or six years went into subsidies for fossil fuel. That’s the definition of insanity. We’re allowing ourselves to feed the very problem we’re here to try to cure. It doesn't make sense,” stated Mr. Kerry.
另一个悬而未决的棘手问题是，发达国家将在多大程度上补偿脆弱国家因气候变化造成的“损失和损害”。
Another thorny issue that remains unresolved is the extent to which developed countries will compensate vulnerable nations for ‘loss and damage’ caused by climate change.
“77国集团和中国”发展中国家谈判小组的代表说，他们对案文中没有反映他们关于建立格拉斯哥损失和损害基金的建议“深感失望”。
The representative from the G77 and China negotiating group of developing countries, said that they were “deeply disappointed" that their proposal to establish a Glasgow Loss and Damage Facility is not reflected on the text.
这位代表说：“这个提议是由整个发展中世界提出的，以回应我们的需求……应对气候变化造成的损失和损害。”
“That proposal has been put forward by the entire developing world, to respond to our needs…To address the loss and damage inflicted by climate change”, he said.
同样，许多国家也在推动加强呼吁，以保持全球升温控制在1.5摄氏度的目标，并在气候融资方面展示更大雄心。
Likewise, there was a push from many countries to strengthen the call to keep alive the Paris Agreement goal to limit global warming to well below 2, preferably to 1.5 degrees Celsius, and to demonstrate more ambition on climate finance.
代表最不发达国家集团的不丹谈判代表说：“我们带着很高的希望和期望来到格拉斯哥，然而在第26届缔约方会议的最后时刻，我们存有一些疑虑，我们仍然不断听到一些人对按照1.5度目标缩小2030年差距需要展示雄心的抵触，以及针对损失和损害基金持有保留意见……此外我们仍然在等待看到气候融资方面出现进展。”
“We came to Glasgow with high hopes and expectations, however in this final hour of COP26, we have doubts, and we still keep hearing some pushback on the ambition that is required to close the 2030 gap in line with the 1.5-degree target, reservations on support for loss and damage…and we are still waiting to see much-needed progress on climate finance”, said Buthan’s negotiator, speaking on behald of the Group of Least Developed Countries (LDCs).
在苏格兰格拉斯哥举行的第26届气候大会上，一群手持标语的人在蓝区主走廊为摄影师拍照摆姿势。联合国新闻/Laura Quinones 人民峰会/The people’s summit
当天早些时候，民间社会团体在第二十六届会议缔约方大会的全体会议大厅表达了心声，在此之前谈判代表们刚刚在这里开完谈判进展评估总结会。
Earlier in the day, civil society groups took over the COP26 plenary room, the same one negotiators had sat in for their stocktaking meetings.
在发言的一开始，经历了下列情形的与会者被要求站起来：如果他们在新冠疫情期间失去了亲人，如果他们经历了气候影响。大部分人都纷纷起立。
To start, delegates were asked to stand if they had lost loved ones during the COVID-19 pandemic and if they had experienced climate impacts. Most of them did.
“气候行动网络”（CAN-International）执行董事塔西姆·埃索普（Tasneem Essop）说：“毫无疑问，由于我们具有的多样性，我们代表世界各国的人民，我们都感受到了疫情和气候危机的影响。承担这些不同危机全部负担的是同样的社会阶层。”
“There is no doubt that we the people representing all countries across the world, in our diversity, have all felt the impacts of a pandemic and a climate crisis. It is the same sections of society that bear the full burdens of these different crises,” said Tasneem Essop, Executive Director of CAN-International.
穆罕默德·阿多（Mohamed Adow）代表非洲民间社会。他表示，他们在第二十六届缔约方会议上被“排除在进程之外”。
Representing African civil society, Mohamed Adow claimed that they had been “locked out of the process” at COP26.
他说：“我们要求全球北方国家偿还气候债务，实现全球适应目标，解决气候不公正问题，并赔偿损失和损害。”
“We the people demand global North countries pay their climate debt, deliver a global goal on adaptation, address climate injustice and pay up for losses and damages”, he said.
发言之后，包括土著人民和妇女团体在内的代表走出全体会议厅。在走廊里，许多其他与会者在等待加入他们的行列。他们举着抗议标语和横幅，高喊要求气候正义的口号，步出会场。
After the interventions, the organizations, which included indigenous collectives and women’s groups, marched out of the plenary and were joined by many other participants waiting for them in the halls. Holding picket signs and banners, they shouted demands for climate justice as they made their way out of the conference.
在大门外，他们会见了一群示威者，并继续一起过河前往标志性的芬尼斯顿街大桥（Finnieston Street），一些人一整天都在那里焦急地等待会议的最终结果。
Outside the gates, they met up with a larger group of demonstrators and they all continued together across the river towards the iconic Finnieston Street bridge, where some waited most of the day for the conference’s final outcome.
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