在全球对外援助资金持续下滑之际，世界银行近日宣布，将把其筹集的1000亿美元发展资金中约70%分配给非洲国家，以应对这一趋势带来的冲击。世界银行常务董事阿克塞尔·冯·托森伯格在埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴接受采访时强调：“我们已经非常明确，世界银行仍对非洲保持高度承诺。”
根据经济合作与发展组织（OECD）的最新数据，去年来自其援助委员会成员国向非洲提供的发展援助下降了1%，总额为420亿美元。分析人士预计，随着美国总统特朗普削减部分援助项目，以及欧洲各国将更多资金投入国防开支，非洲的发展援助还将面临进一步下滑。
在过去十年中，世界银行旗下的国际开发协会（IDA）已向发展中国家提供2900亿美元资金，其中非洲是最大受益方。去年，各国曾承诺向IDA出资240亿美元，原本有望推动总额1000亿美元的融资，但部分出资方此后削减了承诺。
托森伯格表示，目前世界银行所有资源中约45%投向非洲，未来超过70%的优惠贷款将流向非洲。与此同时，世界银行正通过国际金融公司（IFC）推进贷款证券化，上月完成了首笔5.1亿美元的交易；此外，还计划在科特迪瓦去年“以债换发”成功的基础上，进一步推动债务置换为发展融资的项目。
联合国数据显示，非洲大陆外债总额已超过6500亿美元，2024年的债务服务成本高达900亿美元。外界普遍认为，世界银行此举将为非洲争取更大的财政空间，帮助该地区应对债务压力与发展挑战。
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At a time when global aid flows are under pressure, the World Bank has announced that about 70% of its newly mobilized $100 billion fund for the world’s poorest nations will be directed to Africa.
Axel van Trotsenburg, the World Bank’s Senior Managing Director, told Bloomberg in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: “We have made it very clear that the World Bank remains strongly committed to Africa.”
According to preliminary data from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), official development assistance from donor countries to Africa fell 1% last year, to $42 billion. Analysts expect further declines as U.S. President Donald Trump has cut funding for several aid programs, while European countries are redirecting more resources toward defense spending.
Over the past decade, the World Bank’s International Development Association (IDA) has provided $290 billion for development projects, with Africa as the largest beneficiary. Last year, governments pledged $24 billion to support IDA financing, expected to help deliver $100 billion in total, but several donors have since scaled back their commitments.
Trotsenburg noted that about 45% of all World Bank resources already go to Africa, and that more than 70% of concessional loans will now be directed there. To boost lending capacity, the Bank is also advancing loan securitization through its International Finance Corporation (IFC), which completed its first $510 million transaction last month. In addition, the Bank plans to build on Côte d’Ivoire’s successful “debt-for-development” swap program launched last year.
United Nations figures show Africa’s external debt has surpassed $650 billion, with debt service costs reaching $90 billion in 2024. Observers believe the World Bank’s new commitment could provide critical fiscal space to help African nations cope with debt burdens while sustaining development progress.
— Times Square Global Live
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